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`.ServerInterface` is an interface to override for server support.
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This class defines an interface for controlling the behavior of Paramiko
in server mode.
Methods on this class are called from Paramiko's primary thread, so you
shouldn't do too much work in them. (Certainly nothing that blocks or
sleeps.)
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Determine if a channel request of a given type will be granted, and
return ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` or an error code. This method is
called in server mode when the client requests a channel, after
authentication is complete.
If you allow channel requests (and an ssh server that didn't would be
useless), you should also override some of the channel request methods
below, which are used to determine which services will be allowed on
a given channel:
- `check_channel_pty_request`
- `check_channel_shell_request`
- `check_channel_subsystem_request`
- `check_channel_window_change_request`
- `check_channel_x11_request`
- `check_channel_forward_agent_request`
The ``chanid`` parameter is a small number that uniquely identifies the
channel within a `.Transport`. A `.Channel` object is not created
unless this method returns ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` -- once a
`.Channel` object is created, you can call `.Channel.get_id` to
retrieve the channel ID.
The return value should either be ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` (or
``0``) to allow the channel request, or one of the following error
codes to reject it:
- ``OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_CONNECT_FAILED``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TYPE``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE``
The default implementation always returns
``OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED``.
:param str kind:
the kind of channel the client would like to open (usually
``"session"``).
:param int chanid: ID of the channel
:return: an `int` success or failure code (listed above)
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Return a list of authentication methods supported by the server.
This list is sent to clients attempting to authenticate, to inform them
of authentication methods that might be successful.
The "list" is actually a string of comma-separated names of types of
authentication. Possible values are ``"password"``, ``"publickey"``,
and ``"none"``.
The default implementation always returns ``"password"``.
:param str username: the username requesting authentication.
:return: a comma-separated `str` of authentication types
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Determine if a client may open channels with no (further)
authentication.
Return `.AUTH_FAILED` if the client must authenticate, or
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if it's okay for the client to not
authenticate.
The default implementation always returns `.AUTH_FAILED`.
:param str username: the username of the client.
:return:
`.AUTH_FAILED` if the authentication fails; `.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if
it succeeds.
:rtype: int
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Determine if a given username and password supplied by the client is
acceptable for use in authentication.
Return `.AUTH_FAILED` if the password is not accepted,
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if the password is accepted and completes
the authentication, or `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if your
authentication is stateful, and this key is accepted for
authentication, but more authentication is required. (In this latter
case, `get_allowed_auths` will be called to report to the client what
options it has for continuing the authentication.)
The default implementation always returns `.AUTH_FAILED`.
:param str username: the username of the authenticating client.
:param str password: the password given by the client.
:return:
`.AUTH_FAILED` if the authentication fails; `.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if
it succeeds; `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if the password auth is
successful, but authentication must continue.
:rtype: int
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Determine if a given key supplied by the client is acceptable for use
in authentication. You should override this method in server mode to
check the username and key and decide if you would accept a signature
made using this key.
Return `.AUTH_FAILED` if the key is not accepted,
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if the key is accepted and completes the
authentication, or `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if your
authentication is stateful, and this password is accepted for
authentication, but more authentication is required. (In this latter
case, `get_allowed_auths` will be called to report to the client what
options it has for continuing the authentication.)
Note that you don't have to actually verify any key signtature here.
If you're willing to accept the key, Paramiko will do the work of
verifying the client's signature.
The default implementation always returns `.AUTH_FAILED`.
:param str username: the username of the authenticating client
:param .PKey key: the key object provided by the client
:return:
`.AUTH_FAILED` if the client can't authenticate with this key;
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if it can; `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if it
can authenticate with this key but must continue with
authentication
:rtype: int
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Begin an interactive authentication challenge, if supported. You
should override this method in server mode if you want to support the
``"keyboard-interactive"`` auth type, which requires you to send a
series of questions for the client to answer.
Return `.AUTH_FAILED` if this auth method isn't supported. Otherwise,
you should return an `.InteractiveQuery` object containing the prompts
and instructions for the user. The response will be sent via a call
to `check_auth_interactive_response`.
The default implementation always returns `.AUTH_FAILED`.
:param str username: the username of the authenticating client
:param str submethods:
a comma-separated list of methods preferred by the client (usually
empty)
:return:
`.AUTH_FAILED` if this auth method isn't supported; otherwise an
object containing queries for the user
:rtype: int or `.InteractiveQuery`
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Continue or finish an interactive authentication challenge, if
supported. You should override this method in server mode if you want
to support the ``"keyboard-interactive"`` auth type.
Return `.AUTH_FAILED` if the responses are not accepted,
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if the responses are accepted and complete
the authentication, or `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if your
authentication is stateful, and this set of responses is accepted for
authentication, but more authentication is required. (In this latter
case, `get_allowed_auths` will be called to report to the client what
options it has for continuing the authentication.)
If you wish to continue interactive authentication with more questions,
you may return an `.InteractiveQuery` object, which should cause the
client to respond with more answers, calling this method again. This
cycle can continue indefinitely.
The default implementation always returns `.AUTH_FAILED`.
:param list responses: list of `str` responses from the client
:return:
`.AUTH_FAILED` if the authentication fails; `.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL` if
it succeeds; `.AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL` if the interactive auth
is successful, but authentication must continue; otherwise an
object containing queries for the user
:rtype: int or `.InteractiveQuery`
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Authenticate the given user to the server if he is a valid krb5
principal.
:param str username: The username of the authenticating client
:param int gss_authenticated: The result of the krb5 authentication
:param str cc_filename: The krb5 client credentials cache filename
:return: `.AUTH_FAILED` if the user is not authenticated otherwise
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL`
:rtype: int
:note: Kerberos credential delegation is not supported.
:see: `.ssh_gss`
:note: : We are just checking in L{AuthHandler} that the given user is
a valid krb5 principal!
We don't check if the krb5 principal is allowed to log in on
the server, because there is no way to do that in python. So
if you develop your own SSH server with paramiko for a cetain
plattform like Linux, you should call C{krb5_kuserok()} in your
local kerberos library to make sure that the krb5_principal has
an account on the server and is allowed to log in as a user.
:see: `http://www.unix.com/man-page/all/3/krb5_kuserok/`
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Authenticate the given user to the server if he is a valid krb5
principal and GSS-API Key Exchange was performed.
If GSS-API Key Exchange was not performed, this authentication method
won't be available.
:param str username: The username of the authenticating client
:param int gss_authenticated: The result of the krb5 authentication
:param str cc_filename: The krb5 client credentials cache filename
:return: `.AUTH_FAILED` if the user is not authenticated otherwise
`.AUTH_SUCCESSFUL`
:rtype: int
:note: Kerberos credential delegation is not supported.
:see: `.ssh_gss` `.kex_gss`
:note: : We are just checking in L{AuthHandler} that the given user is
a valid krb5 principal!
We don't check if the krb5 principal is allowed to log in on
the server, because there is no way to do that in python. So
if you develop your own SSH server with paramiko for a cetain
plattform like Linux, you should call C{krb5_kuserok()} in your
local kerberos library to make sure that the krb5_principal has
an account on the server and is allowed to log in as a user.
:see: `http://www.unix.com/man-page/all/3/krb5_kuserok/`
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Overwrite this function in your SSH server to enable GSSAPI
authentication.
The default implementation always returns false.
:return: True if GSSAPI authentication is enabled otherwise false
:rtype: Boolean
:see: : `.ssh_gss`
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Handle a request for port forwarding. The client is asking that
connections to the given address and port be forwarded back across
this ssh connection. An address of ``"0.0.0.0"`` indicates a global
address (any address associated with this server) and a port of ``0``
indicates that no specific port is requested (usually the OS will pick
a port).
The default implementation always returns ``False``, rejecting the
port forwarding request. If the request is accepted, you should return
the port opened for listening.
:param str address: the requested address
:param int port: the requested port
:return:
the port number (`int`) that was opened for listening, or ``False``
to reject
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The client would like to cancel a previous port-forwarding request.
If the given address and port is being forwarded across this ssh
connection, the port should be closed.
:param str address: the forwarded address
:param int port: the forwarded port
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Handle a global request of the given ``kind``. This method is called
in server mode and client mode, whenever the remote host makes a global
request. If there are any arguments to the request, they will be in
``msg``.
There aren't any useful global requests defined, aside from port
forwarding, so usually this type of request is an extension to the
protocol.
If the request was successful and you would like to return contextual
data to the remote host, return a tuple. Items in the tuple will be
sent back with the successful result. (Note that the items in the
tuple can only be strings, ints, longs, or bools.)
The default implementation always returns ``False``, indicating that it
does not support any global requests.
.. note:: Port forwarding requests are handled separately, in
`check_port_forward_request`.
:param str kind: the kind of global request being made.
:param .Message msg: any extra arguments to the request.
:return:
``True`` or a `tuple` of data if the request was granted; ``False``
otherwise.
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Determine if a pseudo-terminal of the given dimensions (usually
requested for shell access) can be provided on the given channel.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the pty request arrived on.
:param str term: type of terminal requested (for example, ``"vt100"``).
:param int width: width of screen in characters.
:param int height: height of screen in characters.
:param int pixelwidth:
width of screen in pixels, if known (may be ``0`` if unknown).
:param int pixelheight:
height of screen in pixels, if known (may be ``0`` if unknown).
:return:
``True`` if the psuedo-terminal has been allocated; ``False``
otherwise.
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Determine if a shell will be provided to the client on the given
channel. If this method returns ``True``, the channel should be
connected to the stdin/stdout of a shell (or something that acts like
a shell).
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the request arrived on.
:return:
``True`` if this channel is now hooked up to a shell; ``False`` if
a shell can't or won't be provided.
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Determine if a shell command will be executed for the client. If this
method returns ``True``, the channel should be connected to the stdin,
stdout, and stderr of the shell command.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the request arrived on.
:param str command: the command to execute.
:return:
``True`` if this channel is now hooked up to the stdin, stdout, and
stderr of the executing command; ``False`` if the command will not
be executed.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
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Determine if a requested subsystem will be provided to the client on
the given channel. If this method returns ``True``, all future I/O
through this channel will be assumed to be connected to the requested
subsystem. An example of a subsystem is ``sftp``.
The default implementation checks for a subsystem handler assigned via
`.Transport.set_subsystem_handler`.
If one has been set, the handler is invoked and this method returns
``True``. Otherwise it returns ``False``.
.. note:: Because the default implementation uses the `.Transport` to
identify valid subsystems, you probably won't need to override this
method.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the pty request arrived on.
:param str name: name of the requested subsystem.
:return:
``True`` if this channel is now hooked up to the requested
subsystem; ``False`` if that subsystem can't or won't be provided.
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Determine if the pseudo-terminal on the given channel can be resized.
This only makes sense if a pty was previously allocated on it.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the pty request arrived on.
:param int width: width of screen in characters.
:param int height: height of screen in characters.
:param int pixelwidth:
width of screen in pixels, if known (may be ``0`` if unknown).
:param int pixelheight:
height of screen in pixels, if known (may be ``0`` if unknown).
:return: ``True`` if the terminal was resized; ``False`` if not.
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Determine if the client will be provided with an X11 session. If this
method returns ``True``, X11 applications should be routed through new
SSH channels, using `.Transport.open_x11_channel`.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the X11 request arrived on
:param bool single_connection:
``True`` if only a single X11 channel should be opened, else
``False``.
:param str auth_protocol: the protocol used for X11 authentication
:param str auth_cookie: the cookie used to authenticate to X11
:param int screen_number: the number of the X11 screen to connect to
:return: ``True`` if the X11 session was opened; ``False`` if not
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Determine if the client will be provided with an forward agent session.
If this method returns ``True``, the server will allow SSH Agent
forwarding.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param .Channel channel: the `.Channel` the request arrived on
:return: ``True`` if the AgentForward was loaded; ``False`` if not
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Determine if a local port forwarding channel will be granted, and
return ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` or an error code. This method is
called in server mode when the client requests a channel, after
authentication is complete.
The ``chanid`` parameter is a small number that uniquely identifies the
channel within a `.Transport`. A `.Channel` object is not created
unless this method returns ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` -- once a
`.Channel` object is created, you can call `.Channel.get_id` to
retrieve the channel ID.
The origin and destination parameters are (ip_address, port) tuples
that correspond to both ends of the TCP connection in the forwarding
tunnel.
The return value should either be ``OPEN_SUCCEEDED`` (or
``0``) to allow the channel request, or one of the following error
codes to reject it:
- ``OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_CONNECT_FAILED``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TYPE``
- ``OPEN_FAILED_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE``
The default implementation always returns
``OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED``.
:param int chanid: ID of the channel
:param tuple origin:
2-tuple containing the IP address and port of the originator
(client side)
:param tuple destination:
2-tuple containing the IP address and port of the destination
(server side)
:return: an `int` success or failure code (listed above)
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Check whether a given environment variable can be specified for the
given channel. This method should return ``True`` if the server
is willing to set the specified environment variable. Note that
some environment variables (e.g., PATH) can be exceedingly
dangerous, so blindly allowing the client to set the environment
is almost certainly not a good idea.
The default implementation always returns ``False``.
:param channel: the `.Channel` the env request arrived on
:param str name: name
:param str value: Channel value
:returns: A boolean
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A query (set of prompts) for a user during interactive authentication.
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Create a new interactive query to send to the client. The name and
instructions are optional, but are generally displayed to the end
user. A list of prompts may be included, or they may be added via
the `add_prompt` method.
:param str name: name of this query
:param str instructions:
user instructions (usually short) about this query
:param str prompts: one or more authentication prompts
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Add a prompt to this query. The prompt should be a (reasonably short)
string. Multiple prompts can be added to the same query.
:param str prompt: the user prompt
:param bool echo:
``True`` (default) if the user's response should be echoed;
``False`` if not (for a password or similar)
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Handler for a subsytem in server mode. If you create a subclass of this
class and pass it to `.Transport.set_subsystem_handler`, an object of this
class will be created for each request for this subsystem. Each new object
will be executed within its own new thread by calling `start_subsystem`.
When that method completes, the channel is closed.
For example, if you made a subclass ``MP3Handler`` and registered it as the
handler for subsystem ``"mp3"``, then whenever a client has successfully
authenticated and requests subsytem ``"mp3"``, an object of class
``MP3Handler`` will be created, and `start_subsystem` will be called on
it from a new thread.
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Create a new handler for a channel. This is used by `.ServerInterface`
to start up a new handler when a channel requests this subsystem. You
don't need to override this method, but if you do, be sure to pass the
``channel`` and ``name`` parameters through to the original ``__init__``
method here.
:param .Channel channel: the channel associated with this subsystem request.
:param str name: name of the requested subsystem.
:param .ServerInterface server:
the server object for the session that started this subsystem
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Return the `.ServerInterface` object associated with this channel and
subsystem.
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Process an ssh subsystem in server mode. This method is called on a
new object (and in a new thread) for each subsystem request. It is
assumed that all subsystem logic will take place here, and when the
subsystem is finished, this method will return. After this method
returns, the channel is closed.
The combination of ``transport`` and ``channel`` are unique; this handler
corresponds to exactly one `.Channel` on one `.Transport`.
.. note::
It is the responsibility of this method to exit if the underlying
`.Transport` is closed. This can be done by checking
`.Transport.is_active` or noticing an EOF on the `.Channel`. If
this method loops forever without checking for this case, your
Python interpreter may refuse to exit because this thread will
still be running.
:param str name: name of the requested subsystem.
:param .Transport transport: the server-mode `.Transport`.
:param .Channel channel: the channel associated with this subsystem request.
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Perform any cleanup at the end of a subsystem. The default
implementation just closes the channel.
.. versionadded:: 1.1
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